Course Content
UPSC Notes Samples
Full Syllabus Covered | 100% as per Official UPSC Syllabus
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1. Art & Culture Sample
Covered under topic 1. Indian culture will cover the salient aspects of Art Forms, Literature and Architecture from ancient to modern times.
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1. Indian culture will cover the salient aspects of Art Forms, Literature and Architecture from ancient to modern times. (copy)
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2. Modern Indian history from about the middle of the eighteenth century until the present- significant events, personalities, issues. (copy)
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5. History of the world will include events from the 18th century such as Industrial revolution, World wars, Redrawal of national boundaries, Colonization, Decolonization, Political philosophies like Communism, Capitalism, Socialism etc.- their forms and effect on the society.
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7. Role of women and women’s organizations, Population and associated issues, Poverty and developmental issues, Urbanization, their problems and their remedies.
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10.2. Introduction to Maps
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GS2
All topics that need updates are given below.
2. Functions and responsibilities of the Union and the States, issues and challenges pertaining to the federal structure, devolution of powers and finances up to local levels and challenges therein.
All topics that need updates are given below.
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5. Parliament and State Legislatures – structure, functioning, conduct of business, powers & privileges and issues arising out of these.
All topics that need updates are given below.
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6. Structure, organization and functioning of the Executive and the Judiciary; Ministries and Departments of the Government; pressure groups and formal/informal associations and their role in the Polity.
All topics that need updates are given below.
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12. Welfare schemes for Vulnerable Sections of the Population by the Centre and States and the Performance of these schemes; Mechanisms, Laws, Institutions and Bodies constituted for the Protection and Betterment of these Vulnerable Sections.
All topics that need updates are given below.
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GS3
All topics that need updates are given below.
11. Science and Technology- developments and their applications and effects in everyday life.
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GS3: BIODIVERSITY AND ENVIRONMENT
All topics that need updates are given below.
1. Environment
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GS4
All topics that need updates are given below.
GS3: SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
All topics given below
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1. Motion & Measurements
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9. Metals & Non-Metals
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10. Energy
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12. Plant Organisms
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14. Life Processes
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18. Biotechnology
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19. Information Technology
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20. Space Technology
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National & International Current Affairs (CA) 2025
Current affairs of all months are given below
delete UPSC Sample Notes [English]

T.13. Lima Outcomes Cop 20 2014

About

  • The Lima Climate Conference marked significant milestones in the international climate process.
  •  Pledges from both developed and developing countries, prior to and during COP, surpassed the initial $10 billion target for capitalizing the new Green Climate Fund (GCF).
  • The Lima Ministerial Declaration on Education and Awareness-raising urged governments to incorporate climate change into school curricula and integrate climate awareness into national development plans.

Steps Forward on Adaptation

  • Progress was achieved in elevating adaptation to the same level as the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, primarily through National Adaptation Plans (NAPs).
  • The launch of the NAP Global Network, involving Peru, the US, Germany, the Philippines, Togo, the UK, Jamaica, and Japan, was a significant development.
  • The Lima Adaptation Knowledge initiative, a pilot project in the Andes, highlighted the successful capture of adaptive needs in communities. The idea of replicating this initiative in Least Developed Countries, Small Island Developing States, and Africa gained support.

More countries accepted the Kyoto Protocol Doha Amendment, with Nauru and Tuvalu submitting their instruments of acceptance. However, acceptance from 144 countries is required to bring it into force.

New climate action portal

Peru launched the Nazca Climate Action Portal with UNFCCC support, aiming to enhance the visibility of climate actions among cities, regions, companies, and investors, including those involved in international cooperative initiatives.

Lima Work Programme on Gender

The Lima conference established a Lima Work Programme on Gender to promote gender balance and sensitivity in developing and implementing climate policy.

UNFCCC NAMA Day

* A special event focused on actions to reduce emissions through “nationally appropriate mitigation actions” (NAMAs), plans of developing countries supported by developed countries. The UNFCCC secretariat set up a registry to match requests for and offers of support.

Climate action on the ground celebrated by the UN

The UNFCCC secretariat’s Momentum for Change Initiative recognized outstanding climate solutions worldwide, including a new category for Information and Communication technology.