O.1. Introduction
Global warming has become a critical environmental concern, with the Earth’s temperature rising at an alarming rate over the past century, particularly in the last two decades. Since 1992, every year, including the record-breaking 2016, has been among the hottest globally. The primary driver of this warming is the increase in greenhouse gas emissions, leading to a range of challenges, from the melting of polar ice caps to shifts in weather patterns. This summary highlights the urgent need to address this complex issue within current environmental discussions.