Course Content
UPSC Notes Samples
Full Syllabus Covered | 100% as per Official UPSC Syllabus
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1. Art & Culture Sample
Covered under topic 1. Indian culture will cover the salient aspects of Art Forms, Literature and Architecture from ancient to modern times.
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1. Indian culture will cover the salient aspects of Art Forms, Literature and Architecture from ancient to modern times. (copy)
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2. Modern Indian history from about the middle of the eighteenth century until the present- significant events, personalities, issues. (copy)
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5. History of the world will include events from the 18th century such as Industrial revolution, World wars, Redrawal of national boundaries, Colonization, Decolonization, Political philosophies like Communism, Capitalism, Socialism etc.- their forms and effect on the society.
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7. Role of women and women’s organizations, Population and associated issues, Poverty and developmental issues, Urbanization, their problems and their remedies.
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10.2. Introduction to Maps
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GS2
All topics that need updates are given below.
2. Functions and responsibilities of the Union and the States, issues and challenges pertaining to the federal structure, devolution of powers and finances up to local levels and challenges therein.
All topics that need updates are given below.
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5. Parliament and State Legislatures – structure, functioning, conduct of business, powers & privileges and issues arising out of these.
All topics that need updates are given below.
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6. Structure, organization and functioning of the Executive and the Judiciary; Ministries and Departments of the Government; pressure groups and formal/informal associations and their role in the Polity.
All topics that need updates are given below.
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12. Welfare schemes for Vulnerable Sections of the Population by the Centre and States and the Performance of these schemes; Mechanisms, Laws, Institutions and Bodies constituted for the Protection and Betterment of these Vulnerable Sections.
All topics that need updates are given below.
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GS3
All topics that need updates are given below.
11. Science and Technology- developments and their applications and effects in everyday life.
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GS3: BIODIVERSITY AND ENVIRONMENT
All topics that need updates are given below.
1. Environment
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GS4
All topics that need updates are given below.
GS3: SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
All topics given below
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1. Motion & Measurements
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9. Metals & Non-Metals
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10. Energy
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12. Plant Organisms
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14. Life Processes
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18. Biotechnology
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19. Information Technology
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20. Space Technology
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National & International Current Affairs (CA) 2025
Current affairs of all months are given below
delete UPSC Sample Notes [English]

July National & International CA 2025 Part IV

Who was awarded the Kalinga Ratna Award 2024 by President Draupadi Murmu in July 2025?

Dharmendra pradhan

राष्ट्रपति द्रौपदी मुर्मू मंच पर धर्मेंद्र प्रधान को पुरस्कार देते हुए

  • President Draupadi Murmu presented the Kalinga Ratna Award-2024 to Union Education Minister Dharmendra Pradhan at an event held in Cuttack, Odisha.
  • The award ceremony was held during the 600th birth anniversary celebrations of Adikavi Sarala Das, the eminent 15th century Odia poet, organised by Sarala Sahitya Sansad.

** In July 2025, under which operation did the security forces kill three terrorists, including Musa, the mastermind of the Pahalgam attack in Jammu and Kashmir?

Operation Mahadev

Operation Mahadev Army Confirms identity 3 Terrorists Killed In Srinagar encounter Pahalgam Attack Operation Mahadev: Army Confirms Identity Of 3 Slain Terrorists Behind Pahalgam Attack — Details

  • Operation Mahadev, led by the Indian Army with J&K Police and CRPF, neutralized three terrorists, including the Pahalgam attack mastermind.
  • The Chinar Corps launched the operation in the Lidwas area of Jammu and Kashmir.

** Referring to which article of the Constitution, Jagdeep Dhankhar has resigned from the post of Vice President on 21 July 2025?

Article 67 (A)

  • On July 21, Dhankhar resigned under Article 67(a) of the Constitution.
  • Dhankhar, aged 74, stepped down before completing his 5-year term (2022–2027), stating the need to prioritise health.
  • According to the Indian Constitution, the election of the Vice President takes place under Article 66.

Who became the first woman president in the South American country ‘Suriname’?

Jennifer Geerlings-Simons

Jennifer Geerlings-Simons Becomes Suriname’s First Woman President

  • On July 6, 2025, Jennifer Geerlings-Simons was chosen by Suriname’s Parliament to become the first woman President in the country’s history.
  • She is a 71-year-old doctor and congresswoman with decades of experience in public service.

** Indian astronaut Shubhanshu Shukla returned to Earth on 15 July 2025 after staying in space for how many days?

20 days

Isro Nasa Axiom mission 4 Indian Astronaut Shubhanshu Shukla Excited To ...

  • Group Captain Shubhanshu Shukla, the first Indian to visit the ISS, performed a number of microgravity-related experiments during the 18-day mission.
  • After a 23-hour journey, the Dragon spacecraft landed in the sea off California.
  • The mission was successfully launched on June 25, 2025 from the Kennedy Space Center in Florida via SpaceX’s Falcon 9 rocket.

Who was awarded the Nelson Mandela Award by the United Nations in 2025?

Brenda Reynolds and Kennedy Odede

United Nations Secretary-General António Guterres (left) with Nelson Mandela Prize awardee Kennedy Odede of Kenya at the informal meeting on the observance of the annual Nelson Mandela International Day.

  • Brenda Reynolds is a social worker of Saulteaux heritage dedicated to improving the health and well-being of Indigenous communities in Canada.
  • Kennedy Odede is the founder and CEO of Shining Hope for Communities, a Kenyan grassroots organization delivering services to urban slums.

** Which city has been declared as India’s cleanest city for the eighth time in a row?

Indore

Cleanest City: लगातार छठी बार इंदौर बना देश का सबसे स्वच्छ शहर, दूसरे ...

  • Indore, which has been on top in cleanliness rankings for 8 consecutive years, is on the first spot this time too.
  • President Draupadi Murmu awarded Indore for securing first place in the first category of Super Swachh League.

** Which country got the hosting of International Chess Federation (FIDE) World Cup 2025?

India

fide-world-cup-2025-hosted-by-india

  • This prestigious tournament will be held from October 30 to November 27, 2025.
  • This time a total of 206 players will participate in the competition, which will include top grandmasters and rising stars from around the world.