5. History of the world will include events from the 18th century such as Industrial revolution, World wars, Redrawal of national boundaries, Colonization, Decolonization, Political philosophies like Communism, Capitalism, Socialism etc.- their forms and effect on the society.
7. Role of women and women’s organizations, Population and associated issues, Poverty and developmental issues, Urbanization, their problems and their remedies.
11. Distribution of key natural resources across the world (including South Asia and the Indian sub-continent); factors responsible for the location of primary, secondary and tertiary sector industries in various parts of the world (including India).
12. Important Geophysical phenomena such as Earthquakes, Tsunami, Volcanic activity, Cyclone etc., geographical features and their location- changes in critical geographical features (including Waterbodies and Ice-caps) and in flora and fauna and the effects of such changes.
2. Functions and responsibilities of the Union and the States, issues and challenges pertaining to the federal structure, devolution of powers and finances up to local levels and challenges therein.
6. Structure, organization and functioning of the Executive and the Judiciary; Ministries and Departments of the Government; pressure groups and formal/informal associations and their role in the Polity.
11. Development Processes and the Development Industry- the Role of NGOs, SHGs, various groups and associations, donors, charities, institutional and other stakeholders.
12. Welfare schemes for Vulnerable Sections of the Population by the Centre and States and the Performance of these schemes; Mechanisms, Laws, Institutions and Bodies constituted for the Protection and Betterment of these Vulnerable Sections.
4. Major crops – cropping patterns in various parts of the country, different types of irrigation and irrigation systems – storage, transport and marketing of agricultural produce and issues and related constraints; e-technology in the aid of farmers.
5. Issues related to direct and indirect farm subsidies and minimum support prices; Public Distribution System- objectives, functioning, limitations, revamping; issues of buffer stocks and food security; Technology missions; economics of animal-rearing.
A.9. Measures and suggestions to tackle the issues
The Kelker Committee suggested converting subsidies into capital investments and gradually eliminating them.
Stopping subsidies that aren’t producing the desired results will help to rationalise subsidies.
Long-term policies on export commerce are required to preserve continuity and maintain farmers’ alignment with exports.
Encouraging financial inclusion activities in rural areas.
Building warehouses and cold storage facilities close to the farm gate.
The agri-sector is being developed holistically by fortifying backwards and forward connections.
There should be a time limit on subsidies.
encouraging programmes like cooperative and contract farming to make agriculture profitable.
The agricultural laws should be properly executed since they are a good step toward giving farmers more authority and diminishing APMC markets‘ monopoly.
The security of both food and nutrition should be a government priority.
Constructing a system for market information to include price and demand projections that assist farmers in improved price realisation and assist farmers in selecting the crop.