Course Content
UPSC Notes Samples
Full Syllabus Covered | 100% as per Official UPSC Syllabus
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1. Art & Culture Sample
Covered under topic 1. Indian culture will cover the salient aspects of Art Forms, Literature and Architecture from ancient to modern times.
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1. Indian culture will cover the salient aspects of Art Forms, Literature and Architecture from ancient to modern times. (copy)
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2. Modern Indian history from about the middle of the eighteenth century until the present- significant events, personalities, issues. (copy)
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5. History of the world will include events from the 18th century such as Industrial revolution, World wars, Redrawal of national boundaries, Colonization, Decolonization, Political philosophies like Communism, Capitalism, Socialism etc.- their forms and effect on the society.
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7. Role of women and women’s organizations, Population and associated issues, Poverty and developmental issues, Urbanization, their problems and their remedies.
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10.2. Introduction to Maps
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GS2
All topics that need updates are given below.
2. Functions and responsibilities of the Union and the States, issues and challenges pertaining to the federal structure, devolution of powers and finances up to local levels and challenges therein.
All topics that need updates are given below.
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5. Parliament and State Legislatures – structure, functioning, conduct of business, powers & privileges and issues arising out of these.
All topics that need updates are given below.
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6. Structure, organization and functioning of the Executive and the Judiciary; Ministries and Departments of the Government; pressure groups and formal/informal associations and their role in the Polity.
All topics that need updates are given below.
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12. Welfare schemes for Vulnerable Sections of the Population by the Centre and States and the Performance of these schemes; Mechanisms, Laws, Institutions and Bodies constituted for the Protection and Betterment of these Vulnerable Sections.
All topics that need updates are given below.
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GS3
All topics that need updates are given below.
11. Science and Technology- developments and their applications and effects in everyday life.
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GS3: BIODIVERSITY AND ENVIRONMENT
All topics that need updates are given below.
1. Environment
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GS4
All topics that need updates are given below.
GS3: SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
All topics given below
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1. Motion & Measurements
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9. Metals & Non-Metals
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10. Energy
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12. Plant Organisms
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14. Life Processes
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18. Biotechnology
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19. Information Technology
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20. Space Technology
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National & International Current Affairs (CA) 2025
Current affairs of all months are given below
delete UPSC Sample Notes [English]

D.5. Establishment Of Colonies In Asia

European countries established their colonies in many Asian countries.

India

  • The Portuguese first entered India and established their colonies in Goa, Daman and Diu.
  • After that the Dutch, French and English had their colonies in India.
  • At last, in the game of power politics, the English became successful and ruled India about two hundred years.

South-East Asia

  • The Portuguese first established their colonies in South-East Asia. They had first occupied Malacca.
  • After that, the Dutch established their colonies in Java, Sumatra, Borneo and Bali.
  • The English also occupied Burma. They got Hongkong from China in 1819.
  • The French received Sigan from China.
  • Russia occupied Arthar harbour and a large portion of Manchuria.
  • Germany occupied Kiachou.
  • Japan occupied Korea and Formosa.

Central Asia

  • In Central Asia, Russia and England established their colonies. Russia occupied Taskent, Samarkand and Bokhara
  • The northern part of Persia was retained by Russia and its southern part came under the sway of England.
  • Germany could not establish a single colony in this area.