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Changes in Military Organisation
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To prevent any further revolt by the Indian soldiers:
- The number of European soldiers was increased, and they were kept in key geographical and military positions.
- The Indian section of the army was now organised in accordance with the “divide and rule” policy.
- To prevent soldiers from developing nationalistic feelings, regiments were formed based on caste, community, and region.
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Transfer of Power
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The power to govern India passed from the East India Company to the British Crown through an Act of 1858.
- A Secretary of State for India, aided by a Council, was now in charge of India’sgovernance. Previously, the Company’s Directors wielded this authority.
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Divide and Rule
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This policy of “divide and rule” was also introduced in the civilian population.
- Muslims were severely punished, and discrimination was made against them in public appointments and in other areas.
- A policy of preferential treatment of Muslims was adopted towards the end of the 19th century.
- These policies created problems for the Indian freedom struggle and contributed to the growth of communalism.
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New Policy towards the Princely
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The earlier policy of annexation was now abandoned, and the rulers of these states were now authorised to adopt heirs.
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