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Compulsory provisions of the 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act,1992
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- Establishing the State Elections Commission for 5 years to conduct elections of PRIs.
- Constituting Gram Sabha in villages.
- Establishing panchayats at three levels: village, intermediate, and district level.
- To conduct a direct election for all members of panchayats and an indirect election for the chairman at the intermediate and district level.
- The minimum age to contest elections of panchayats is decided to be at 21 years of age and the reservation of seats for SCs and STs will depend upon the population and the reservation of seats for women is one-third of the total seats.
- State Finance Commission is to be established after every five years for reviewing the financial position of panchayats.
- The tenure of panchayats is for five years and a fresh direct election is to be arranged within six months of the suspension of the panchayat.
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Voluntary provisions of the 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1992
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- Providing representation to the MPs and MLAs in the Panchayats at different levels.
- Reservation for backward classes.
- Granting financial powers to the panchayats.
- Providing autonomy to the panchayats to function as a unit of self-government.
- Giving power and responsibility to panchayats to prepare plans regarding economic development and social justice and to perform all the functions specified in 29 subjects of the Eleventh Schedule.
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