Article 19 A
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- Education up to 14 years has been made a fundamental right. Thus, the state is required to provide school education to children.
- In the case of Unni Krishnan vs State of AP, SC held that the right to education for children between 6 to 14 years of age is a fundamental right as it flows from the Right to Life. After this decision, education was made a fundamental right explicitly through the 86th Amendment in 2002.
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Article 24:
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- Children have a fundamental right against exploitation and it is prohibited to employ children below 14 years of age in factories and any hazardous processes. Recently the list of hazardous processes has been updated to include domestic, hotel, and restaurant work.
- Several PILs have been filed for the benefit of children. For example, in MC Mehta vs the State of TN, SC has held that children cannot be employed in match factories or that are directly connected with the process as it is hazardous for the children.
- In the case of Lakshmi Kant Pandey vs Union of India, J Bhagvati has laid down guidelines for the adoption of Indian children by foreigners. [source: legalservicesindia.com]
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Article 45
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- Urges the state to provide early childhood care and education for children up to 6 yrs of age.
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