A.1. Types of Infrastructure
Classification I
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Soft Infrastructure |
Consists of institutions that usually require human capital and help deliver certain services to the population. Examples: Hospitals, Banks, Schools, Colleges and Judiciary |
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Hard Infrastructure |
Includes physical systems that is necessary to run a modern, industrialized nation. Examples: roads, highways, bridges, vehicles, oil rigs/refineries etc. |
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Critical Infrastructure |
Assets defined by the government as being essential to the functioning of a society and economy. Examples: Telecommunications, space, defense etc. |
Classification II
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Social Infrastructure |
Economic Infrastructure |
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It helps the economic system from outside. (i.e. indirectly) |
It helps the economic system from inside. (i.e. directly) |
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It improves the quality of human resources. |
It improves the quality of econominc resources |
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Expenditure on it, will raise the stock of human capital. |
Expenditure on it, will raise the stock of physical capital. |
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For example, health, education and housing. |
For example, energy, transport and communication. |