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Inclusive Growth through Five-year Plans
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- The Eleventh five year Plan (2007-12) in India for the first time gave importance to Inclusive growth.
- The Twelfth Five-year plan (2012-2017) was launched with the slogan “Faster, More Sustainable, and More Inclusive Growth.”
- The plan observed Inclusive growth should result in lower incidence of poverty, broad-based and significant improvement in health outcomes, universal access for children to school, increased access to higher education and improved standards of education, including skill development.
- It should also be reflected in better opportunities for both wage employment and livelihood, and in improvement in provision of basic amenities like water, electricity, roads, sanitation and housing.
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Elements of Inclusive Growth
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- Skill development, Empowerment of vulnerable sections, Economic growth, financial inclusion, technology advancement.
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Government Initiative to achieve Inclusive Growth in India
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- Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA), Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (PMJDY), Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana (PMUY).
- Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (PMAY): This housing scheme aims to provide affordable housing to urban and rural poor, with a focus on economically weaker sections and low-income groups.
- Skill India Mission: skill training and entrepreneurship development programs to bridge the skill gap and promote job creation.
- Digital India: This program aims to transform India into a digitally empowered society and knowledge economy by promoting digital infrastructure, digital literacy, and digital services accessible to all citizens.
- Beti Bachao, Beti Padhao: This campaign seeks to address gender discrimination and promote the education and welfare of the girl child, with a focus on improving the sex ratio and enhancing girl’s access to education.
- Swachh Bharat Abhiyan: This nationwide cleanliness campaign focuses on improving sanitation, constructing toilets, and promoting hygiene practices to enhance health outcomes and quality of life.
- Start-up India: This initiative aims to promote entrepreneurship and innovation by providing support, funding, and incentives to start-ups, facilitating job creation and economic growth.
- Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi (PM-KISAN): This income support scheme provides direct cash transfers to farmers to ensure a minimum income and address agricultural distress.
- Atmanirbhar Bharat Abhiyaan
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Challenges in achieving inclusive growth in India
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- Service Sector Dominance, Social Divisions, Unequal Access to Education and Skills, Rural-Urban Disparities, Informal Sector Challenges, Governance and Corruption
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Way Forward
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- Enhancing education and skills, Promoting financial inclusion, Implementing targeted social welfare programs, Addressing gender inequality, Investing in rural development and agriculture, Strengthening governance and accountability and Encouraging public-private partnerships.
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