Course Content
UPSC Notes Samples
Full Syllabus Covered | 100% as per Official UPSC Syllabus
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1. Art & Culture Sample
Covered under topic 1. Indian culture will cover the salient aspects of Art Forms, Literature and Architecture from ancient to modern times.
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1. Indian culture will cover the salient aspects of Art Forms, Literature and Architecture from ancient to modern times. (copy)
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2. Modern Indian history from about the middle of the eighteenth century until the present- significant events, personalities, issues. (copy)
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5. History of the world will include events from the 18th century such as Industrial revolution, World wars, Redrawal of national boundaries, Colonization, Decolonization, Political philosophies like Communism, Capitalism, Socialism etc.- their forms and effect on the society.
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7. Role of women and women’s organizations, Population and associated issues, Poverty and developmental issues, Urbanization, their problems and their remedies.
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10.2. Introduction to Maps
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GS2
All topics that need updates are given below.
2. Functions and responsibilities of the Union and the States, issues and challenges pertaining to the federal structure, devolution of powers and finances up to local levels and challenges therein.
All topics that need updates are given below.
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5. Parliament and State Legislatures – structure, functioning, conduct of business, powers & privileges and issues arising out of these.
All topics that need updates are given below.
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6. Structure, organization and functioning of the Executive and the Judiciary; Ministries and Departments of the Government; pressure groups and formal/informal associations and their role in the Polity.
All topics that need updates are given below.
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12. Welfare schemes for Vulnerable Sections of the Population by the Centre and States and the Performance of these schemes; Mechanisms, Laws, Institutions and Bodies constituted for the Protection and Betterment of these Vulnerable Sections.
All topics that need updates are given below.
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GS3
All topics that need updates are given below.
11. Science and Technology- developments and their applications and effects in everyday life.
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GS3: BIODIVERSITY AND ENVIRONMENT
All topics that need updates are given below.
1. Environment
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GS4
All topics that need updates are given below.
GS3: SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
All topics given below
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1. Motion & Measurements
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9. Metals & Non-Metals
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10. Energy
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12. Plant Organisms
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14. Life Processes
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18. Biotechnology
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19. Information Technology
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20. Space Technology
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National & International Current Affairs (CA) 2025
Current affairs of all months are given below
UPSC Sample Notes [English]

B.4. New States And Union Territories Created After 1956

The SRC 1956 and subsequent act paved the way for state organisations in India. The reorganisations have been based on multiple factors, language being merely one of them. 

Maharashtra and Gujarat (1960)

The Bombay Reorganisation Act of 1960 led to the creation of Maharashtra and Gujarat. 

  • This resulted from agitations like the Samyukta Maharashtra movement (for Marathi-speaking regions) and the Mahagujarat movement (for Gujarati-speaking regions).

Punjab, Haryana, and Himachal Pradesh (1966)

The Punjabi Suba movement advocated for a separate state for Punjabi-speaking people. 

  • The Punjab Reorganisation Act of 1966 led to the creation of Punjab (for Sikhs and Punjabi speakers), Haryana (for Hindi speakers), and Himachal Pradesh (for hilly terrain). Chandigarh, however, remained a Union Territory.

Himachal Pradesh, initially a union territory, was granted statehood in 1971.

Goa and Daman & Diu (1987)

Goa became a state in 1987 following nationalistic movements. Indian troops had captured Goa and Daman & Diu in 1961. Daman & Diu, however, remained a Union Territory.

Puducherry (1962)

Comprising former French settlements, it was transferred to India in 1954 and became a union territory in 1962.

Nagaland (1963)

Formed by separating the Naga Hills and Tuensang area from Assam, it became the 16th state of India.

 

[Image: Fixing the NorthEast jigsaw]

Manipur, Tripura and Meghalaya (1972)

These former union territories were granted statehood, increasing the total number of states in India to 21.

Sikkim (1975)

Initially a “protectorate” under India, Sikkim was granted the status of an associate state in 1974 and became a full-fledged state in 1975.

Mizoram, Arunachal Pradesh and Goa (1987)

These three new states were established, with Mizoram and Arunachal Pradesh previously being union territories.

 

[Image:Journey of Statehood for Tripura]

Chhattisgarh, Uttarakhand and Jharkhand (2000)

These states were formed by – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 

– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –

Formed from the territories of  – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –

– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –

The former state of  – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –

– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –

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