Course Content
GS1
All topics given below
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1. Indian culture will cover the salient aspects of Art Forms, Literature and Architecture from ancient to modern times.
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2. Modern Indian history from about the middle of the eighteenth century until the present- significant events, personalities, issues.
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5. History of the world will include events from the 18th century such as Industrial revolution, World wars, Redrawal of national boundaries, Colonization, Decolonization, Political philosophies like Communism, Capitalism, Socialism etc.- their forms and effect on the society.
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7. Role of women and women’s organizations, Population and associated issues, Poverty and developmental issues, Urbanization, their problems and their remedies.
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10.2. Introduction to Maps
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GS2
All Updates topics given below
6. Structure, organization and functioning of the Executive and the Judiciary; Ministries and Departments of the Government; pressure groups and formal/informal associations and their role in the Polity.
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10. Government Policies and Interventions for Development in Various Sectors and Issues arising out of their Design and Implementation.
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12. Welfare schemes for Vulnerable Sections of the Population by the Centre and States and the Performance of these schemes; Mechanisms, Laws, Institutions and Bodies constituted for the Protection and Betterment of these Vulnerable Sections.
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13. Issues relating to Development and Management of Social Sector/Services relating to Health, Education, Human Resources.
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14. Issues relating to Poverty and Hunger.
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16. Role of Civil Services in a Democracy
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GS3
2. Inclusive growth and issues arising from it.
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4. Major crops – cropping patterns in various parts of the country, different types of irrigation and irrigation systems – storage, transport and marketing of agricultural produce and issues and related constraints; e-technology in the aid of farmers.
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5. Issues related to direct and indirect farm subsidies and minimum support prices; Public Distribution System- objectives, functioning, limitations, revamping; issues of buffer stocks and food security; Technology missions; economics of animal-rearing.
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6. Food processing and related industries in India- scope and significance, location, upstream and downstream requirements, supply chain management.
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11. Science and Technology- developments and their applications and effects in everyday life.
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12. Achievements of Indians in Science & Technology; indigenization of technology and developing new technology.
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13. Awareness in the fields of IT, Space, Computers, robotics, nano-technology, bio-technology and issues relating to intellectual property rights.
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16. Linkages between development and spread of extremism.
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19. Security challenges and their management in border areas; -linkages of organized crime with terrorism.
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GS3: ENVIRONMENT
M. Protected Area Network
M.1. Introduction The Protected Area Network plays a vital role in conserving the environment and managing biodiversity. It involves the creation and purpose of designated areas such as national parks, wildlife sanctuaries, and biosphere reserves. These protected regions are essential for maintaining ecosystems, protecting threatened species, and supporting sustainable development. This topic highlights the critical role of responsible environmental management in preserving natural heritage.
UPSC Full Course [English]
About Lesson

A.5. India’s Foreign Policy towards China and Pakistan

In the past decade, the world has also seen a change in India’s stand against Pakistan and China. India is the only one in South Asia which is standing strong still against its Belt and Road Initiative since 2014.

Also, India has made its position very clear about the border-sharing area. In the Galwan clash in 2020, India had given a strong reply to China. India’s revamped foreign policy has even given China a shockwave.

India banned 59 Chinese mobile applications including the widely-used social media platforms such as TikTok, WeChat, and Helo keeping in view the threat to the nation’s sovereignty and security. The majority of the apps banned in the June 29, 2020 order were red-flagged by intelligence agencies over concerns that they were collecting user data and possibly also sending them “outside”.

  • This action came after 20 Indian soldiers and an unspecified number of Chinese soldiers were killed during violent clashes in Galwan Valley in Eastern Ladakh amid border tensions with China. Standing like the “Great Wall of China” India clears the clouds of doubts over its defence capabilities and also that New Delhi would stand idle.

India is joining hands with various countries through QUAD, G20, BRICS, RIC, ASEAN, 12U2, SAARC plus, and many more to stand against China’s ambitious goal of achieving its hegemony. It may seem like the old style of meandering but actually, India promotes its priorities in a much more direct manner.

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