A. Early Resistance To British Rule (1757-1857)
The oppressive policies of the British laid the foundation for the Indian freedom struggle. Following the British East India Company’s victory at the Battle of Plassey in 1757, India witnessed sporadic uprisings as local resistance movements gained momentum.
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Major Uprisings
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- From 1757 to 1857, India experienced numerous revolts across various regions, often spearheaded by local chieftains, peasants, and tribal leaders who were directly affected by British revenue and administrative policies. Notable uprisings during this period included the Sanyasi Rebellion (1763-1800), the Chuar Rebellion in Bengal, and the Paika Rebellion in Odisha (1817).
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Key Figures
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- Rani Laxmibai of Jhansi: One of the most iconic figures in the Indian Rebellion of 1857 was Rani Laxmibai of Jhansi. Born as Manikarnika, she emerged as a courageous and skilled leader, leading her forces in battle against the British. Her valor and leadership became a symbol of resistance, inspiring countless future generations in the fight for India’s independence.
- Kunwar Singh: A prominent leader during the Indian Rebellion of 1857, Kunwar Singh led the revolt in Bihar. Despite being in his old age, his commitment to the cause made him a notable figure in the struggle against British rule.
- Bahadur Shah II: The last Mughal emperor, also known as Bahadur Shah Zafar, played a symbolic role in the 1857 Rebellion. He was declared the emperor of India by the rebelling sepoys, providing a symbolic unity to the rebellion against the British.
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[Image: Acts enacted by the Britishers during their Rule]