About Lesson
A. Infrastructure
What is Infrastructure?
Infrastructure provides supporting services to the main areas of industrial and agricultural production, domestic and foreign trade and commerce.
GS1
All topics given below
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1. Indian culture will cover the salient aspects of Art Forms, Literature and Architecture from ancient to modern times.
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2. Modern Indian history from about the middle of the eighteenth century until the present- significant events, personalities, issues.
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3. The Freedom Struggle – its various stages and important contributors/ contributions from different parts of the country.
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4. Post-independence consolidation and reorganization within the country.
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5. History of the world will include events from the 18th century such as Industrial revolution, World wars, Redrawal of national boundaries, Colonization, Decolonization, Political philosophies like Communism, Capitalism, Socialism etc.- their forms and effect on the society.
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6. Salient features of Indian Society, Diversity of India.
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7. Role of women and women’s organizations, Population and associated issues, Poverty and developmental issues, Urbanization, their problems and their remedies.
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8. Effects of globalization on Indian society.
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9. Social empowerment, Communalism, Regionalism & Secularism.
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10. Salient features of the world’s physical geography.
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10.1. Physical Geography & Their Features
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10.2. Introduction to Maps
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11. Distribution of key natural resources across the world (including South Asia and the Indian sub-continent); factors responsible for the location of primary, secondary and tertiary sector industries in various parts of the world (including India).
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11.1. Geography (India, People and Economy)
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12. Important Geophysical phenomena such as Earthquakes, Tsunami, Volcanic activity, Cyclone etc., geographical features and their location- changes in critical geographical features (including Waterbodies and Ice-caps) and in flora and fauna and the effects of such changes.
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12.1. India: Physical Environment
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12.2. Human Geography
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GS2
All Updates topics given below
6. Structure, organization and functioning of the Executive and the Judiciary; Ministries and Departments of the Government; pressure groups and formal/informal associations and their role in the Polity.
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8. Appointment to various Constitutional posts, powers, functions and responsibilities of various Constitutional Bodies
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10. Government Policies and Interventions for Development in Various Sectors and Issues arising out of their Design and Implementation.
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12. Welfare schemes for Vulnerable Sections of the Population by the Centre and States and the Performance of these schemes; Mechanisms, Laws, Institutions and Bodies constituted for the Protection and Betterment of these Vulnerable Sections.
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13. Issues relating to Development and Management of Social Sector/Services relating to Health, Education, Human Resources.
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14. Issues relating to Poverty and Hunger.
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16. Role of Civil Services in a Democracy
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19. Effect of Policies and Politics of Developed and Developing Countries on India’s Interests, Indian Diaspora.
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GS3
1. Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization of resources, growth, development and employment.
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2. Inclusive growth and issues arising from it.
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3. Government Budgeting.
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4. Major crops – cropping patterns in various parts of the country, different types of irrigation and irrigation systems – storage, transport and marketing of agricultural produce and issues and related constraints; e-technology in the aid of farmers.
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5. Issues related to direct and indirect farm subsidies and minimum support prices; Public Distribution System- objectives, functioning, limitations, revamping; issues of buffer stocks and food security; Technology missions; economics of animal-rearing.
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6. Food processing and related industries in India- scope and significance, location, upstream and downstream requirements, supply chain management.
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9. Infrastructure: Energy, Ports, Roads, Airports, Railways etc.
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11. Science and Technology- developments and their applications and effects in everyday life.
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12. Achievements of Indians in Science & Technology; indigenization of technology and developing new technology.
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13. Awareness in the fields of IT, Space, Computers, robotics, nano-technology, bio-technology and issues relating to intellectual property rights.
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14. Conservation, environmental pollution and degradation, environmental impact assessment.
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16. Linkages between development and spread of extremism.
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19. Security challenges and their management in border areas; -linkages of organized crime with terrorism.
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GS3: ENVIRONMENT
1. Environment
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