Who was awarded the Kalinga Ratna Award 2024 by President Draupadi Murmu in July 2025?

Dharmendra pradhan

• President Draupadi Murmu presented the Kalinga Ratna Award-2024 to Union Education Minister Dharmendra Pradhan at an event held in Cuttack, Odisha.
• The award ceremony was held during the 600th birth anniversary celebrations of Adikavi Sarala Das, the eminent 15th century Odia poet, organised by Sarala Sahitya Sansad.

** In July 2025, under which operation did the security forces kill three terrorists, including Musa, the mastermind of the Pahalgam attack in Jammu and Kashmir?

Operation Mahadev

• Operation Mahadev, led by the Indian Army with J&K Police and CRPF, neutralized three terrorists, including the Pahalgam attack mastermind.
• The Chinar Corps launched the operation in the Lidwas area of Jammu and Kashmir.

** Referring to which article of the Constitution, Jagdeep Dhankhar has resigned from the post of Vice President on 21 July 2025?

Article 67 (A)

• On July 21, Dhankhar resigned under Article 67(a) of the Constitution.
• Dhankhar, aged 74, stepped down before completing his 5-year term (2022–2027), stating the need to prioritise health.
• According to the Indian Constitution, the election of the Vice President takes place under Article 66.

Who became the first woman president in the South American country ‘Suriname’?

Jennifer Geerlings-Simons

• On July 6, 2025, Jennifer Geerlings-Simons was chosen by Suriname’s Parliament to become the first woman President in the country’s history.
• She is a 71-year-old doctor and congresswoman with decades of experience in public service.

** Indian astronaut Shubhanshu Shukla returned to Earth on 15 July 2025 after staying in space for how many days?

20 days

• Group Captain Shubhanshu Shukla, the first Indian to visit the ISS, performed a number of microgravity-related experiments during the 18-day mission.
• After a 23-hour journey, the Dragon spacecraft landed in the sea off California.
• The mission was successfully launched on June 25, 2025 from the Kennedy Space Center in Florida via SpaceX’s Falcon 9 rocket.

Who was awarded the Nelson Mandela Award by the United Nations in 2025?

Brenda Reynolds and Kennedy Odede

• Brenda Reynolds is a social worker of Saulteaux heritage dedicated to improving the health and well-being of Indigenous communities in Canada.
• Kennedy Odede is the founder and CEO of Shining Hope for Communities, a Kenyan grassroots organization delivering services to urban slums.

** Which city has been declared as India’s cleanest city for the eighth time in a row?

Indore

• Indore, which has been on top in cleanliness rankings for 8 consecutive years, is on the first spot this time too.
• President Draupadi Murmu awarded Indore for securing first place in the first category of Super Swachh League.

** Which country got the hosting of International Chess Federation (FIDE) World Cup 2025?

India

• This prestigious tournament will be held from October 30 to November 27, 2025.
• This time a total of 206 players will participate in the competition, which will include top grandmasters and rising stars from around the world.